Of the following, the best definition of "reinforcement" is
A. a consequence that decreases behavior.
B. a consequence that increases behavior.
C. something that is added to the environment.
D. something that is removed from the environment.
Answer: B
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If a child watches two to four hours of television per day, how many non-murder acts of violence will she/he have witnessed by the end of the elementary school years?
a. 1,000 b. 3,000 c. 8,000 d. 100,000
Dierdre smokes a pack of Marlboro Reds every day. Social psychologists would say that this is a self-defeating behavior ____
a. only if Dierdre is aware of the health risks associated with smoking b. only if Dierdre gets sick or dies as a direct result of smoking c. only if Dierdre is aware of the health risks associated with smoking AND gets sick or dies as a direct result of smoking d. regardless of what Dierdre is aware of the health risks or whether she gets sick
Regarding personality traits, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. The dimensions of the five-factor model of personality can be used to predict how people will act in various circumstances. b. The Big Five traits appear to be related to different brain systems and chemicals. c. Being extremely perfectionistic tends to increase one's overall success at school and elsewhere. d. Persons high in conscientiousness tend to live longer than those low in this trait.
Dying by homicide is
a. usually sudden and unexpected b. often nonviolent c. rarely an experience involving family members d. typically found among older members of society e. most frequently experienced by females