Explain the ethical concerns with germline gene therapy in humans
What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER: Germline gene therapy introduces genes into germline cells, which are passed onto the next generation. Thus, germline gene therapy would create changes to the human genome that could be passed to future generations, and scientists do not entirely understand what the consequences of those changes will be. For these reasons, gene therapy in humans is limited to somatic cells only.
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Molecular clocks are usually calibrated based on
A. guesses about the rates of mutations in a particular gene. B. observed rates of mutation in a particular gene. C. the first shared common ancestor for species known from the fossil record. D. comparing the gene to similar genes in other kingdoms. E. the date when two species diverged from a common ancestor.
In the technique of artificial twinning,
a. two embryos are fused. b. an embryo is teased apart. c. two sperm are used to fertilize a single egg. d. two eggs and two sperm are used to form two embryos. e. an embryo’s nucleus is removed and replaced with an adult embryo
Carbon is introduced into the atmosphere by
all EXCEPT which of the following means? a. respiration b. diffusion c. burning of fossil fuels d. wind erosion of rocks e. tilling of soil
What effect does smoking have on the movement of mucus in the respiratory tract?
What will be an ideal response?