The human metallothionein IIA gene (hMTIIA) is transcriptionally regulated through the interplay of regulatory elements and transcription factors. What is the function of this gene, and how is it regulated by environmental circumstances?
What will be an ideal response?
The gene hMTIIA produces a protein that binds to heavy metals and protects cells from their toxicity. The gene is transcribed at low levels in all cells but is induced to express at high levels in cells exposed to heavy metals.
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Which one of the following is a key advantage that eukaryotic cells have over prokaryotic cells?
A. Eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane, which allows them to ship materials into and out of the cell. B. Eukaryotic cells have ribosomes, which allow them to make more complex proteins. C. Eukaryotic cells have a flexible cytoskeleton, which allows them to change shape and gives them the ability to engulf other materials. D. Eukaryotic cells have a rigid cytoskeleton, which allows them to withstand greater stress. E. None of the answers options is correct.
Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. Many new, previously unsuspected species have been discovered through application of the molecular technique of DNA sequencing. 2. Archaea that tolerate and/or require high salinities are called halophiles. 3. Heterocysts are specialized cells in plant roots that contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria. 4. Various anaerobic Archaea that convert carbon dioxide and other carbon-bearing compounds into methane are called methanotrophs. 5. Type III and Type IV systems are potentially applicable to treatment of human disease by using them to deliver DNA to target cells in human gene therapy.
UV light generates which of the following as a "signature" mutation in a gene?
A) DNA hydroxylation B) a single-strand break C) pyrimidine dimer formation D) cross-links between DNA strands E) changes in DNA methylation
Why did internal fertilization likely evolve?
A. As an adaptation to life in a terrestrial environment. B. To increase the chances of successful fertilization. C. Because there were no safe places to lay eggs. D. As a response to copulation.