When sodium channels open during an action potential, the opening is caused by

A) binding of sodium ions.
B) presence of positive charge.
C) presence of calcium.
D) binding of potassium ions.


B) presence of positive charge.

Anatomy & Physiology

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Autoimmune diseases are usually treated with drugs that suppress the immune system. Which of the following diseases would NOT benefit from these immunosuppressive drugs?

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Anatomy & Physiology

The spermatogenic cells that line the seminiferous tubules produce sperm

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

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The hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system

a. carries vasopressin and oxytocin from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary for storage. b. carries hypophysiotropic hormones from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary to control the release of posterior pituitary hormones. c. carries hypophysiotropic hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary to control the release of anterior pituitary hormones. d. carries vasopressin and oxytocin from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary to control the release of anterior pituitary hormones. e. both (b) and (c) above.

Anatomy & Physiology

In the neurons that innervate skeletal muscles, the cytoplasm of the synaptic terminal contains mitochondria and vesicles filled with molecules of the neurotransmitter

A) Epinephrine. B) Norepinephrine. C) Acetylcholine. D) Antidiuretic hormone. E) all of the above

Anatomy & Physiology