A microbiologist is studying the growth of a particular strain of bacteria to determine when it will transition from exponential growth to stationary phase and from stationary phase to death phase. Which of the following methods of measuring microbial growth would be best for this purpose?
A. Determining dry weight of microbes
B. Turbidimetric measurements using a spectrophotometer
C. Direct microscopic count
D. Viable plate count
Answer: D
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A bolus is formed in the
a. mouth. b. esophagus. c. stomach. d. small intestine. e. large intestine.
Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. The exoenzyme that causes toxic shock syndrome is called erythrogenic toxin. 2. The neurotoxins produced by Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium tetani cause a spastic, rigid type of paralysis. 3. Although most people use the terms “infection” and “infectious disease” synonymously, microbiologists define infection as colonization by a pathogen. 4. Avirulent strains do not cause disease. 5. It is thought that the waxes in the cell walls of Mycobacterium tuberculosis protect this pathogen from digestion within phagocytes.
The central nervous system of vertebrate animals consists of
A. the brain. B. the spinal cord. C. all nerves in the body. D. nerves originating at sensory receptors. E. the brain and spinal cord.
Suppose two living plant cells are in contact with each other so that water, but not solutes, can pass between them. The
cells have the same water potential. One cell has ?P ? 0.3 MPa and ?S = ?0.5 MPa, while the other cell has ?S = ?0.3 MPa. What is the ?P of the second cell?
a. ?P = ?0.8 MPa b. ?P = 0 MPa c. ?P = 0.5 MPa d. ?P = 0.8 MPa e. ?P = 0.1 MPa