All of the following are criticisms of caseload models of probation/parole EXCEPT they ______.
a. discourage officers from thinking innovatively
b. are bureaucratic in nature
c. assign cases based on offender characteristics
d. are based on assumptions rather than research
c. assign cases based on offender characteristics
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In an analysis by Burdon (2004), that examined general predictors in aftercare and 12 month return to prison rates, it was found that:
A) Volunteering for treatment was a significant predictor of participation in aftercare B) Involuntarily treatment was a significant predictor of participation in aftercare C) Motivation for treatment was a significant predictor of participation in aftercare D) Family support was a significant predictor of participation in aftercare E) Criminal history was a significant predictor of participation in aftercare
Theory X and Y are based on the writings of Douglas McGregor
A) True B) False
Which selection explains how courts are limited in bringing about social change?
A. must wait for a place to be on their docket B. they have implementation power C. they must seek public opinion D. they are all partisan based
Which of the following is true about the use of discretion by a police officer? a. The more serious a crime is to the public, the more freedom officers have to ignore it. b. A suspect who is very hostile is less likely to be arrested by an officer
c. Policies of the police always promote the use of more discretion. d. The closer the relationship between the alleged criminal and the victim, the more variable the use of discretion.