True or False: With categorical data, we can assume even a small difference between expected and observed frequencies is significant.
a. True
b. False
Ans: B
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Based on cross-cultural research, which individual has the lowest risk of developing depression?
a. Sam, a middle-aged white gay man b. Juan, a 20-year-old Hispanic college student c. Monica, a 25-year-old Native American d. Sharona, a 45-year-old white divorcee
The conditioning of which of the following behaviors may be useful for distinguishing locked-in individuals from those with more severe brain damage as well as distinguishing the severely brain-damaged individuals who are minimally conscious from those who are in a vegetative state?
a. tongue placement b. movement tics c. eye blinks d. lucid dreaming
Which of the following best illustrates the idea of belief perseverance?
a. The first time Lindsay meets Tobias, she is impressed with his intellect and ambition, but quite quickly she comes to sour on him and see him as lazy and ineffectual. b. Gob is quite smitten with Marta when he first gets together with her, but once they begin an exclusive dating relationship, he feels that he has made a big mistake. c. Michael's first impression of Anne is a negative one, and even though he comes to observe her in a variety of scenarios displaying a variety of skills, he remains convinced that she will never amount to very much. d. Buster was shy and awkward as a young boy and remains much the same now as an adult.
According to cognitive dissonance theorists, when people attempt to vent their aggressive impulses by harming another person, they are more likely to engage in later acts of aggression because
a. arousal caused by dissonance is misinterpreted as frustration. b. dissonance is reduced by derogating the victim, increasing the odds of later aggression. c. frustration is mistaken for dissonance. d. "blowing off steam" increases the arousal caused by dissonance, yielding more aggression.