Which of the following serves as a communicating channel for exchange of nutrients and metabolites between the osteocytes and the blood vessels on the surface of the bone layer?
A) Woven bone
B) Volkmann canals
C) Osteons
D) Canaliculi
Ans: D
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Extracellular fluid-filled passageways permeate the calcified matrix and connect with the lacunae of adjacent osteocytes. These passageways are called canaliculi. Because diffusion does not occur through the calcified matrix of bone, the canaliculi serve as communicating channels for the exchange of nutrients and metabolites between the osteocytes and the blood vessels on the surface of the bone layer. Woven bone is deposited more rapidly than lamellar bone, has low tensile strength, and serves as temporary scaffolding for support. Laminar or mature bone is composed largely of cylinder-shaped units of calcified matrix, called osteons, that are oriented parallel to the long axis of the bone. Canals of a second type called perforating, or Volkmann, canals lie at right angles to the long axis of the bone, connecting the vascular and nerve supplies of the periosteum and medullary cavity.
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