If a patient who generates an intrapleural pressure of -4 mmHg to inhale 450 mL experiences inflammation and bronchospasm that reduce the radius of the bronchial airways to one-half of their original size, what pressure must the patient generate to inhale the same tidal volume?

a. 16 mm Hg c. 20 mm Hg
b. 64 mm Hg d. 48 mm Hg


b. 64 mm Hg

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What defines a spontaneous breath, as compared with a mandatory breath?

A. Inspiration is initiated by time, and is terminated by the patient's pulmonary mechanics. B. Inspiration is initiated by the patient's own ventilatory drive. C. Inspiration is initiated by the patient's lung mechanics, and expiration is initiated by the patient's ventilatory drive. D. Inspiration is initiated by the patient's ventilatory drive, and is terminated by the patient's lung mechanics.

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The assistant is usually positioned ________ the operator

a. at the same height as b. 4 to 6 inches lower than c. 4 to 6 inches higher than d. none of the above

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Getting tired almost immediately after attempting to study in bed is an example of which kind of psychological process?

A) operant conditioning B) classical conditioning C) cognitive dissonance D) cognitive disassociation

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The tectospinal tract arises in the ____________________ of the midbrain

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

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