The atoms in a nickel crystal vibrate as harmonic oscillators with an angular frequency of 2.3 × 1013 rad/s. The mass of a nickel atom is 9.75 × 10-26 kg
What is the difference in energy between adjacent vibrational energy levels of nickel? (h = 6.626 × 10-34 J ? s,
h = 1.055 × 10-34 J ? s, 1 eV = 1.60 × 10-19 J)
A) 0.015 eV
B) 0.019 eV
C) 0.023 eV
D) 0.027 eV
E) 0.031 eV
Answer: A
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Linear momentum is conserved in __________ collisions
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Water flowing through a pipe is heated by steam condensing on the outside of the pipe. (a) Assuming a uniform overall heat transfer coefficient along the pipe, derive an expression for the water temperature as a function of distance from the entrance. (b) For an overall heat transfer coefficient of 570 W/(m2 K), based on the inside diameter of 5 cm, a steam temperature of 104°C, and water-flow rate of 0.063 kg/s, calculate the length required to raise the water temperature from 15.5 to 65.5°C.
GIVEN
• Water flowing through a pipe steam condensing on the outside
FIND
(a) An expression for the water temperature as a function of distance from the entrance, Tw (x)
(b) For Overall heat transfer coefficient (U) = 570 W/(m2 K)
Inside diameter (D) = 5 cm = 0.05 m
Steam temperature (Ts) = 104°C
Water flow rate ( m w) = 0.063 kg/s
Water temperatures: Tw,in = 15.5°C Tw,out = 65.5°C
Find the length (L) required
ASSUMPTIONS
• A uniform overall heat transfer coefficient
SKETCH
PROPERTIES AND CONSTANTS
the specific heat of water at the mean temperature of 40°C (cpw) =4175 J/(kg K)
A charge Q is uniformly distributed throughout a nonconducting sphere of radius R
(a) What is the magnitude of the electric field at a distance R/2 from the center of the sphere? (b) What is the magnitude of the electric field at a distance 2R from the center of the sphere?
Where are the X-rays produced that are emitted by quasars and other active galactic nuclei?
A) in the hot gas in an accretion disk around a central black hole B) in dust grains in molecular clouds that encircle the active galactic nucleus C) in an ionization nebulae of interstellar gas surrounding the accretion disk D) in fast-moving jets of electrons that are ejected from the active galactic nucleus E) all of the above