Explain what interactionism is as the dominant perspective in psychology today on the nature-nurture debate regarding intelligence
What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER:
The major thrust of interactionism’s school of thought is that both genetic factors interact with environmental factors. For many years, psychology has argued that either nature (e.g. genetics) or nurture (e.g. culture) were the primary reasons for intelligence. Neither nature nor nurture has managed to prevail in the field of psychology. Now psychology is looking at the relative contributions that both elements of nature and those of nurture contribute. Presently, studies support a position that genetic factors contribute about 50% to an individual’s intelligence, while the other 50% appears due to environmental elements. Thus, the interaction or influences nature and nurture have upon one another is the primary area of research interest for psychology today.
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How is the term "situated cognition approach" related to the concept of "knowledge"?
a. We use the situated cognition approach when we need to think about graded structures. b. The situated cognition approach is a central part of the parallel distributed processing approach. c. The situated cognition approach proposes that cues from our immediate environment help us to code a concept. d. The situated cognition approach helps us to distinguish between categories and concepts.
Among the problems with the early instinct theories was the idea of the nominal fallacy, which means that:
a. labeling or naming something does not explain it b. the idea of instincts was a fallacy; there are no such things as instincts c. instincts are either inhibited or become habits d. instincts are the same as learned behaviors
What proportion of scores are above z-score of 1.0 in a normal distribution?
A. 16% B. 34% C. 68% D. 84%
Cones are found ______ the fovea
a. exclusively in c. mostly outside b. mostly in d. exclusively outside