During aerobic cellular respiration, a proton gradient in mitochondria is generated by ________ and used primarily for ________.
A) the electron transport chain; ATP synthesis
B) the electron transport chain; substrate-level phosphorylation
C) glycolysis; production of H2O
D) fermentation; NAD+ reduction
E) diffusion of protons; ATP synthesis
Ans: A) the electron transport chain; ATP synthesis
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How must spindle microtubules attach to chromosomes during anaphase of meiosis I?
A. Microtubules only attach to one kinetochore per homologous pair. B. Microtubules attach to the chiasma. C. Microtubules attach using their minus (slow growing) ends. D. Microtubules attach at the centrosomes.
The components of vertebrate blood include
A. plasma. B. leukocytes. C. erythrocytes. D. platelets. E. All of the choices for this question are correct.
When behavioral biologists look at the ultimate evolutionary benefit to animal communication, they
are primarily focusing on the effects of the communication on the individual's ability to ____.
a. maintain a favorable position in the dominance hierarchy b. produce surviving offspring c. intimidate other animals d. form alliances with other animals e. find food
Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides?
A) a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group B) a nitrogenous base and a sugar C) a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a sugar D) a sugar and a purine or pyrimidine