Which of the following is an example of a self-serving bias?
A. Linda believes that both she and her friend performed poorly on a test as the test was hard.
B. Natalie sings better in front of an audience than when she sings by herself.
C. Melisa attributes her successes to her hard work and attributes her failures to bad luck.
D. Gerard relaxes his standard of productivity when he knows that his teammates are working on the same project.
Answer: C
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The "general mechanism approach" to speech perception argues that
a. we first obtain a general idea about a spoken message, and then we fill in the specific details. b. we use similar processes for both speech perception and other auditory perception tasks. c. learning does not play a major role in speech perception. d. children are born with a general understanding about speech, and they fill in specific information as they grow older.
Which is not included among the functions of rituals?
a. Validation and reinforcement of values b. Reassurance and feelings of security c. Reinforcement of group ties d. Restabilizing patterns of interaction e. Contributing to psychological tensions
A genetic male has a hormone receptor deficiency that resulted in this person having a penis and both sets of internal sex organs. The most likely explanation for this case is that the person might
a. lack the Y chromosome. b. have undergone plastic surgery. c. have persistent Müllerian duct syndrome. d. have testes that oversecreted anti-Müllerian hormone. e. have Turner's syndrome.
Which argument would work against the explanation that gender roles have socialized men to be more physically aggressive than women?
A) As gender-stereotypic roles for men have declined over the past several decades, physically aggressive acts committed by men have also declined. B) As gender roles have changed over the past several decades, there has not been a corresponding increase in female physical aggression nor a decrease in male physical aggression. C) Rates of female physical aggression have historically been lower than rates of male physical aggression. D) As women’s roles have changed over the past several decades, rates of women committing violent crimes has correspondingly increased.