Compare the use of biosensors with traditional methods of determining microbial contamination
What will be an ideal response?
Traditional methods of detecting microbial contaminants rely on collecting samples containing living microbes and being able to culture them in the laboratory. The need to provide the right growth conditions reduces the sensitivity of such tests. Waiting for the organisms to grow makes traditional methods time consuming.
Biosensors use bacteria or bacterial enzymes to detect small amounts of contaminants in samples. The results are available in minutes rather than hours or days. Detection does not rely on properly anticipating an organism's growth requirements. Biosensors can also be designed to distinguish between closely related organisms, for example, by detecting whether a toxin is present in the sample. Biosensors are faster and more sensitive than traditional methods, and they are potentially more effective in distinguishing truly harmful microbes from their harmless close relatives.
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Cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) serves as a messenger molecule in bacterial cells to coordinate a shift from ________ to ________ growth
A) sessile / planktonic B) planktonic / sessile C) monomorphic / polymorphic D) stationary / exponential
If a helical turn is removed from a closed-circular DNA molecule:
A. only supercoiling will occur. B. only strand separation will occur. C. supercoiling and/or strand separation will occur. D. cruciform DNA will likely form. E. solenoidal DNA will likely form.
What kind of bond exists between two amino
acids in a protein?
a. peptide b. ionic c. hydrogen d. amino e. sulfhydroxyl
A body plan with a pseudocoelom is indicated by
a. A. b. B. c. C. d. A and B. e. B and C.