How do the results on avoidance learning relate to phobias?
What will be an ideal response?
A learned avoidance response is highly resistant to extinction. After someone has learned to make a response to avoid pain, the response continues even if it is unnecessary. As long as the individual continues making the response, he/she doesn't learn that the response is unnecessary (and would be scared to stop making the response). The most effective way to extinguish an avoidance response is to prevent the response, thus letting the individual learn that it was unnecessary. Similarly, someone with a phobia avoids all contact with the feared object, and thus does not learn that it isn't that dangerous. An effective treatment, known as exposure therapy or systematic desensitization, gradually exposes the person to the feared object while the person does not escape from it.
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Steven doesn't think his actions will help change his stressful job. Instead, he adopts the "smile-the world looks brighter when you do" coping style to deal with his stress. He is using what type of coping style?
A. Emotion-focused B. Problem-focused C. Decision-focused D. Avoidance-focused
Yoon always feels tired during her afternoon classes. You tell Yoon that she should avoid eating high-carbohydrate lunches because they increase the levels of ____ in her brain, which causes her to feel sleepy.?
a. ?acetylcholine b. ?glutamate c. ?serotonin d. ?dopamine
Currently cross-cultural research defends Ekman's idea that some emotions are:
a. universal b. not developed until adolescence c. totally unique to the environmental d. unreliable in public
An accurate way to conceptualize memory is to think of it as a video camera that records each moment of a person's life
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.