Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship, if any, between elaborative encoding and the self-reference effect?

a. Elaborative encoding is synonymous with the self-reference effect.
b. The self-reference effect is essentially the opposite of elaborative encoding.
c. Elaborative encoding is an example of the self-reference effect.
d. The self-reference effect is an example of elaborative encoding.


d. The self-reference effect is an example of elaborative encoding.

Psychology

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