When an athlete trains for a marathon, the goal is to increase cardiovascular output. What does that actually mean in terms of heart function?
What will be an ideal response?
Aerobic training, over a long enough period of time, increases the cardiovascular output by essentially elevating cardiac output. In other words, the amount of oxygenated blood pumped per minute by the left ventricle increases; therefore, more oxygen is available for tissues to eventually produce ATP and perform work.
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A billionaire buys a sterile volcanic island that recently emerged from the sea. To speed the arrival of conditions necessary for plant growth, the billionaire might be advised to aerially sow what over the island?
A) basidiospores B) spores of ectomycorrhizae C) soredia D) yeasts E) leaves (as food for fungus-farming ants)
If the concentrations of CO2 and O2 were equal in the atmosphere, rubisco would favor CO2 over O2 as a substrate by about 2000:1 at 25 °C. Why, in today's atmosphere (and at 25 °C), is the photosynthesis/photorespiration ratio of C3 plants only about 4:1?
A. O2 is much more abundant than CO2 in today's atmosphere. B. Rubiscos that are more selective for CO2 are slower. C. O2 is continually produced in the leaves of C4 plants. D. RuBP reacts readily with O2.
Genes that code for transcription factors that bind regulatory sites on DNA are called
a. ideotic genes b. homeobox c. Hox genes d. homeotic genes e. homeodomains
All living cells would test positive for amino acids
a. True b. False