What are disorders of arousal? Define the different disorders of arousal.

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses:
? Disorders of arousal involve recurrent episodes of incomplete awakening from sleep that seem to mix elements of wakefulness and NREM sleep Nightmare disorder-repeated awakenings with detailed recall of extended and extremely frightening dreams, usually involving threats to survival, security, or self-esteem; on awakening, the person is alert and oriented
? Sleep terror disorder-repeated, abrupt awakenings beginning with a panicky scream; intense fear and signs of autonomic arousal; relative unresponsiveness to the efforts of others to comfort or wake the person; no detailed dream is recalled, and there is amnesia for the episode
? Sleepwalking disorder-repeated episodes of rising from the bed during sleep and walking about; while sleepwalking, the person has a blank, staring face, is relatively unresponsive to others, and can be awakened only with great difficulty; on awakening, the person has amnesia for the episode; within several minutes after awakening, there is no impairment of mental activity or behavior, although there may initially be a short period of confusion and disorientation.
? Confusion arousals-episodes of incomplete awakening during NREM sleep that do not involve sleep terrors or sleepwalking. These episodes are relatively common in adults.