A researcher wants to make sure that his experimental group and his control group are equivalent, so he uses random sampling followed by random assignment to group
What else must the researcher do to assure the consumers of his research that the groups were equivalent? (Select all that apply.)
a. Report the sameness or difference of potentially extraneous variables, using post hoc statistical testing.
b. Eliminate all other extraneous variables from the analysis.
c. Rebalance the samples, controlling for all potentially extraneous variables, by moving subjects back and forth until both groups have the same distribution of all variables.
d. Randomly assign the sample again, hoping for a better outcome the second time.
e. Report the sameness or difference of subgroups possessing unequal proportions of any potentially extraneous variable, with respect to the dependent variable.
ANS: A, E
The most effective strategy for achieving equivalence is random sampling followed by random assignment to groups. However, this strategy does not guarantee equivalence. Even when randomization has been used, the researcher must examine the extent of equivalence by measuring and comparing characteristics for which the groups must be equivalent. This comparison is usually reported in the description of the sample.
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