How does the debate over the explanation of alcoholism illustrate the rift between the psychological and medical models of mental illness?
What will be an ideal response?
People who accept the medical model claim that alcoholism is a disease that either is
inherited (perhaps only as a predisposition) or results from a biochemical imbalance, a
metabolic abnormality, or some other biological condition. In contrast, people who
accept the psychological model are more likely to emphasize the alcoholic’s life
circumstances in their explanation—circumstances that cause the stress, frustration,
conflict, or anxiety from which the alcoholic is presumably attempting to escape. This
debate illustrates the rift between the two approaches: the medical model focuses on
physiology and brain chemistry as the root of mental illness whereas the psychological
model focuses on psychological causes of mental illness, such as conflict, frustration,
emotional disturbance, or other cognitive factors.
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Aversion therapy to treat alcoholism is ____
a. ?one of the most successful techniques developed for this problem b. ?only modestly successful c. ?successful only if the drinker has been drinking for many years d. ?not successful at all
An unconditioned stimulus is any stimulus that
a. triggers a learned response. b. is based upon its association with another unconditioned stimulus. c. provides positive or negative reinforcement. d. naturally elicits a behavior without learning. e. inhibits previously learned behavior.
By 2016, the trend regarding the Gender Parity Index (GPI) around the world for tertiary education was that __________.
A. there was a gender disparity that favored girls in almost all parts of the world B. there was a gender disparity that favored boys in almost all parts of the world C. girls had essentially reached parity with boys in about half of the world D. girls had essentially reached parity with boys in almost all parts of the world
Miasha is unable to keep her apartment neat and organized. She often complains that her roommates lack cleanliness. She refers to them as slobs and hates them. In this scenario, Miasha is most likely using the defense mechanism of:
A. projection. B. sublimation. C. repression. D. reaction formation.