In Chapter 1, we learned that the media and the public persist in equating "psychologist" with "psychotherapist." How does the concept of prototypes, discussed in Chapter 9 (Thinking and Intelligence), help to explain this phenomenon?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: A good answer will include the following key points.
• The general public commonly thinks of a psychologist as someone who helps people who are mentally ill, yet there are many other types of psychologists.
• A prototype is a representative example of a concept.
• Though a person may know about other types of psychologists, he or she still typically views the psychotherapist as a prototypical psychologist.
• This is probably because it is much more common to hear about clinical psychologists in the media and in everyday conversation.
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Which term refers to the close physical and emotional contact that develops between a parent and child immediately after birth?
A. conditioning B. emotional acceptance C. bonding D. stimulation
To learn college-level information, you must mentally review and look for connections between the information you are learning and your existing knowledge, a strategy known as
a. proactive encoding. b. elaborative processing. c. eidetic imagery. d. rote rehearsal.
In what context is the threat of conscious and intentional distortion greatest?
a. Clinical
b. Counseling
c. Forensic
d. School
What is the key to accessing information through explicit memory?
A. Words B. Senses C. Actions D. Chunks