The nurse is performing a cardiac assessment on a healthy older adult client. Which findings may be expected when compared to when the client was middle-aged? Select all that apply
1. Systolic murmur.
2. Increased cardiac output.
3. Increased systolic blood pressure.
4. Increased stroke volume.
5. Slight decrease in heart rate.
Correct Answer: 1, 3, 4, 5
Systolic murmurs become more common as people age, especially because of aortic stenosis. The older client's systolic blood pressure may increase. Stroke volume may increase slightly when the older client is at rest and during exercise. The healthy older adult may have an insignificant decrease in heart rate. In the healthy older adult, cardiac output remains relatively stable.
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