A . Describe how hunger and appetite differ from each other
Hunger is the physiological need for food. The empty digestive system and the reduced levels of glucose and amino acids in the bloodstream will send a hunger signal to the hypothalamus. One of these signals is a hormone, known as ghrelin, that is produced in the stomach and stimulates hunger. People notice that their stomach begins to grumble or hurt a bit if they are experiencing true hunger.
Appetite is the psychological need for food and is not dependent on the internal physiological state of the body. The appetite can be triggered by food customs, preferences for sweet or salty foods, the sight or smell of appealing foods, or social interactions, to name a few factors.
b. Which of these can be associated with obesity and why?
Appetite can be associated with "outside of the body" obesity because appetite can be stimulated in the absence of hunger, which can lead to overeating. Some people may take medicines that stimulate their appetite in the absence of true hunger as well. If someone overeats on a regular basis, he or she will take in more calories than he or she expends, which could lead to obesity.
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Hormones play an important role in regulating blood glucose levels. What is an example of this?
a. Insulin stimulates muscles to release glycogen that body cells can use for energy. b. Glucagon decreases the removal of glucose from the blood during stress. c. Epinephrine increases breakdown of liver glycogen to provide glucose in times of danger. d. Insulin reduces glucose uptake and storage among fat cells. e. Glucagon increases removal of glucose from the blood after a meal.
Jasmine is trying to lose weight. She has decided to try a diet that lets her eat unlimited amounts of protein. The protein that Jasmine eats that is above and beyond what she needs is _____
a. excreted as protein in her urine b. excreted as amino acids in her feces c. transformed into fat and stored in adipose (fat) tissue d. transaminated into lipids and circulated in lymph
A significant shortcoming of the USDA Food Patterns and MyPlate is that they
A) leave out specific activity recommendations. B) cannot fully address the issue of serving sizes since no national standard exists. C) assume that everyone eats the same foods in the same ways. D) focus too much on whole foods, rather than prepared foods.
Impairment in mental development is less severe when malnutrition occurs only during pregnancy or only during infancy than if it occurs throughout both pregnancy and infancy
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false