The tendency to solve problems using procedures or strategies that worked in the past on similar problems is called:
A) the availability heuristic.
B) the anchoring effect.
C) a mental set.
D) the representativeness heuristic.
Answer: C
Rationale: A mental set is a cognitive obstacle that occurs when an individual attempts to apply a routine solution to what is actually a new type of problem.
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Kareem laughs whenever his neck is touched. Now before touching his neck, his mommy says "gotcha.". Pretty soon, as soon as she says "gotcha," Kareem starts to laugh. In this example, what is the conditioned stimulus?
a. Laughing when his neck is touched b. Saying "gotcha" c. Laughing when he hears "gotcha" d. Touching his neck
Andrew was exposed to the chicken pox virus as a child. What happened to that virus after it crossed the blood-brain barrier and entered Andrew's brain?
A. Andrew's natural killer cells were able to quickly destroy it. B. The glia in his brain engulfed the virus and then natural killer cells destroyed them both. C. Nothing happened since the chicken pox virus cannot cross the blood-brain barrier. D. Nothing happened at first, but the virus remained there and caused negative effects for Andrew as he got older.
Which part of a neuron transports information from the neuron to other neurons through an electrochemical reaction?
A) soma B) axon C) dendrite D) cell membrane
According to social learning theory, moral values are acquired
a. as any other behavior is, through rewards, benefits, and modeling. b. through unique, domain-specific learning schemas. c. via cognitive reasoning. d. as social demands are internalized to reduce psychological tension.