A 26-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of schizophrenia has been admitted with suspected hyponatremia after consuming copious quantities of tap water Given this diagnosis, what clinical manifestations and lab results should the nurse anticipate the patient will exhibit?
A) High urine specific gravity, tachycardia, and a weak, thready pulse
B) Low blood pressure, dry mouth, and increased urine osmolality
C) Increased hematocrit and blood urea nitrogen and seizures
D) Muscle weakness, lethargy, and headaches.
The answer is D) Muscle weakness, lethargy, and headaches.
Feedback: Weakness, lethargy, and nausea are noted manifestations of hyponatremia. High urine specific gravity, tachycardia, and a weak, thread pulse are associated with hypernatremia, while low blood pressure, fever, and increased urine osmolality are manifestations of fluid volume deficit. Increased hematocrit and blood urea nitrogen and seizures are also associated with hypernatremia.
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