Discuss two different theories that consider how workplace inequality operates. How is women's inequality in the workplace explained by each theory?
What will be an ideal response?
Feedback: (1) Human capital theory rests on the individual characteristics that workers bring to their jobs; i.e., individuals invest their human capital in terms of education, training, and so on. Popular explanations for gender differentials point to women themselves, claiming that socialization, education, and the choices women make to take time out of the workforce to have children produce work experiences for women that are different from men's experiences.
(2) Dual labor market theory centers on the labor market itself, which is divided into two separate segments. The primary segment is characterized by stability, high wages, promotion ladders, opportunities for advancement, good working conditions, and provisions for job security. The secondary segment is characterized by low wages, fewer or no promotion ladders, poor working conditions, and little provision for job security. "Women's work" tends to fall in the secondary segment.
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