When you watch dogs play in the park or watch how your professors conduct their classes, you are engaging in a form of _________
a) case study research
b) naturalistic observation
c) survey research
d) psychometric study
ANS: B, In naturalistic observation, you are just watching—that is, observing—naturally-occurring behavior as it unfolds.
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Which partial reinforcement schedule involves giving out a reward after a certain number of behaviors?
a. fixed-interval reinforcement b. variable-interval reinforcement c. fixed-ratio reinforcement d. variable-ratio reinforcement
Carl Rogers' approach emphasized that anxiety-related disorders were
a. best explained by the anxiety reduction hypothesis. b. learned habits of self-defeating behaviors. c. the result of forbidden sexual and aggressive impulses that threatened a loss of control. d. the result of a faulty or inaccurate self-image and distorted self-perceptions.
In laboratory animals, chronic administration of benzodiazepines has been found to produce tolerance to the drugs’
a. locomotor effects. b. ataxic effects. c. muscle relaxant effects. d. anticonvulsant effects. e. All of the above effects of benzodiazepines show tolerance with chronic use.
Sulloway found that among scientists, were much more likely to accept scientific innovations than
A) firstborns; laterborns B) laterborns; firstborns C) those in the physical sciences; those in the social sciences D) those in the social sciences; those in the physical sciences