Discuss the two types of poliovirus vaccines available, including the advantages and disadvantages of each
What will be an ideal response?
The two types of poliovirus vaccine are the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) developed by Jonas Salk and the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) developed by Albert Sabin. Both vaccines effectively stimulate immunity against poliovirus. However, there are a number of differences between the two vaccines. In general, IPV is cheaper and easier to transport and store than OPV, which is less stable. On the other hand, OPV is easier to administer, provides good immunity without the need for boosters, and mimics a natural infection more closely than IPV. Probably one of the biggest differences between the two has to do with the risk of vaccine-related polio. Because IPV is inactivated virus, it cannot cause the disease itself; however, because OPV is a live virus vaccine, there have been documented cases of its mutation into a virulent form, which then can cause polio in the person supposedly immunized by the vaccine. For this reason, IPV is now often used to vaccinate babies initially so that they will have an opportunity to develop good immunity before being exposed to live poliovirus.
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Which of the following statements regarding the loss of biodiversity is false?
A. Earth is losing 2.5% of its species annually. B. There will be fewer species at the end of the 21st century than there are now. C. Loss of biodiversity results in the loss of novel compounds with potential medical applications. D. Loss of biodiversity may result in less productive and resilient communities. E. Habitat degradation is one of the most important threats to biodiversity.
The concentration of virus that infects or kills 50% of the host cells is referred to as the
A. LD50. B. ID50. C. ID100. D. LD100. E. LD50 AND ID50.
Keystone species
a) occur only in intertidal zones b) can be removed from a habitat without any impact on the remaining species in the habitat c) play an unusually important role in determining the species composition in a habitat d) are primary produces, and therefore, are usually plants e) are more expendable than commensal species, from a conservation perspective
Blood plays an important role in homeostasis.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)