The client is experiencing an increase in carbonic acid due to the failure of the lungs to adequately eliminate carbon dioxide, which results in:
a. metabolic acidosis c. respiratory acidosis
b. metabolic alkalosis d. respiratory alkalosis
C
Respiratory acidosis is caused by hypoventilation or respiratory depression; if this situation occurs suddenly, the condition is life-threatening. Continual depression of the respiratory rate results in chronic respiratory acidosis. In respiratory acidosis, the blood pH level is below 7.35, the partial carbon dioxide level is greater than 45 mmHg, and there is an excess of carbonic acid.
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Which of the following statements is true about plasma?
A) Plasma contains clotting factors only. B) Plasma is 90% water and 10% dissolved solutes. C) Plasma contains only clotting factors. D) Plasma and serum are the synonymous.
An infant who receives a drug that does not produce CNS side effects in adults exhibits drowsiness and sedation. The nurse understands that this is because of differences in which phy-siologic system in infants and adults?
a. Blood-brain barrier b. First-pass effect c. Gastrointestinal absorption d. Renal filtration
The nurse is performing the preoperative history for a patient admitted for abdominal surgery when the 52-year-old patient states that she takes ginger root daily. Why should the nurse place an immediate call to the surgeon?
a. Ginger root increases the risk of postoperative nausea. b. Ginger root increases the risk of bleeding. c. Ginger root cannot be withdrawn abruptly. d. Ginger root is not supplied by the hospital pharmacy, and the prescriber will need to order an immediate substitution.
A nurse is caring for a child who has poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply)
A. frothy urine B. Periorbital edema C. Ill appearance D. Decreased creatinine E. Hypertension