A unit secretary is the only staff member of the emergency department who does not contract a viral upper respiratory illness during a recent outbreak. How would the nurse explain this phenomenon?
1. The secretary had been exposed before and responded with secondary immunity.
2. The secretary has immune tolerance.
3. The secretary's immune system is unable to differentiate self from non-self.
4. The secretary's immune system overproduces plasma cells.
1
Rationale 1: B cells must be activated to make specific antibodies. If a B cell recognizes an antigen and immediately makes antibodies, this means the body has been exposed to the organism before and responds with secondary immunity.
Rationale 2: Immune tolerance is defined as the ability of the immune system to tolerate all self antigens while retaining the ability to mount an effective immune response to non-self antigens.
Rationale 3: The inability to differentiate self from non-self is considered a lack of immune tolerance.
Rationale 4: Plasma cells are B cells found in the plasma that make a group of antibodies called immunoglobulins. Overproducing B cells would not account for the secretary's immunity to the viral illness.
You might also like to view...
A nurse manager wants to improve hand-off communication among the staff. What actions by the manager would best help achieve this goal? (Select all that apply.)
a. Attend hand-off rounds to coach and mentor. b. Conduct audits of staff using a new template. c. Create a template of topics to include in report. d. Encourage staff to ask questions during hand-off. e. Give raises based on compliance with reporting.
The nurse advises a 20-year-old college sophomore with acne vulgaris to:
a. avoid all chocolate. b. wash the face gently with mild soap. c. scrub the face with soft brush. d. express clogged sebum from the pores.
A client is to receive sildenafil citrate (Viagra) for erectile dysfunction. In teaching the client, the nurse discovers that the client is taking nitroglycerin (NTG) prn angina. Which instruction is a priority at this time?
a. Tell the client to take both medications as ordered by the healthcare provider. b. Tell the client not to take the NTG until 1 hour after a dose of Viagra if angina occurs. c. Ask the client to watch for signs of postural hypotension, including dizziness. d. Refer the client to the healthcare provider because taking both medications is contraindicated.
A nursing instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a group of nursing students who will be working with homeless populations
As part of the class, the instructor will be including information about barriers to successful treatment of homeless clients who are mentally ill. Which reason would the instructor include as contributing to lack of compliance with psychotropic medications? A) Mistrust of medical personnel B) Lack of proper medication storage C) Chemical dependence on prescription medications D) Lack of motivation and literacy skills