An 82-year-old patient is hospitalized with a diagnosis of pneumonia. The nurse learns that the patient lives alone and hasn't been eating or drinking. When assessing him for dehydration, the nurse would expect to find:
A) Distended neck veins
B) Hypothermia
C) Hypertension
D) Tachycardia
Ans: D
Feedback: With an extracellular fluid or plasma volume deficit, compensatory mechanisms stimulate the heart, causing tachycardia, which is an increased heart rate. Distended neck veins and hypertension may be signs of fluid volume overload. Body temperature may be elevated with dehydration. Blood pressure, in particular systolic blood pressure, falls with dehydration, and orthostatic hypotension may also occur.
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