Which step in the evolution of life is the most complex and probably occurred last?

A. Formation of amino acids
B. Formation of protein–RNA systems
C. Formation of membrane-bound protocells
D. Spontaneous formation of organic compounds under abiotic conditions
E. Formation of ATP


Answer: C

Biology & Microbiology

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An organism classified as a eukaryote could be which of the following?

A. a photoautotroph or a photoheterotroph B. a chemoheterotroph or a photoautotroph C. a photoheterotroph or a chemoheterotroph D. a chemoautotroph or a chemoheterotroph

Biology & Microbiology

Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)

1. Chemical defenses are found only among animals. 2. The mimicry of coral snakes by scarlet king snakes is an example of Batesian mimicry. 3. Fleas are endoparasites. 4. Phoretic species are commensals.

Biology & Microbiology

If there are 64 potential codons that code for various amino acids but only about 20 specific amino acids, what must be true about the genetic code?

A) Most of the codons are not used. B) There are two codons for each amino acid, and the rest are stop codons. C) All are used, but bacteria and plants each have 20 different amino acids. D) Multiple codons code for the same amino acid.

Biology & Microbiology

Loa Loa is an intestinal roundworm transmitted by contaminated food.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

Biology & Microbiology