Describe our current understanding of the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease
What will be an ideal response?
• Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that results in the loss of dopamine-producing receptors in the substantia nigra portion of the brain, a portion of the basal ganglia deep within the cerebral hemispheres beneath the cortex. The neurons within the substantia nigra typically produce the neurotransmitter dopamine; this excitatory neurotransmitter is balanced with an inhibitory neurotransmitter called GABA to maintain slow, coordinated movement, muscle tone, and posture.
• In this disease, there is a progressive loss of dopamine and this causes an imbalance of communication within the brain that leads to the clinical signs and symptoms.
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Explain the relationship between obesity and inflammation in obesity related diseases
Which of the following statements is true?
A. Human cells produce glucose from carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water. B. After glucose enters the nucleus, it is broken down to release ATP. C. Cells can metabolize glucose for energy when oxygen is unavailable. D. Oxidation of macronutrients for energy is an anabolic process.
When the diet contains an adequate amount of protein, the body can synthesize niacin from the amino acid ____
a. lysine b. tryptophan c. phenylalanine d. valine e. tyrosine
The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR. is the average amount of a nutrient known to meet the needs of ________ percent of the individuals in a similar age and gender group
A. 98 B. 25 C. 50 D. 75