A nurse assesses a postoperative patient 2 days after chest surgery. What findings indicate that the patient requires better pain management (select all that apply)?
a. Confusion d. Shallow breathing
b. Hypoglycemia e. Elevated temperature
c. Poor cough effort
ANS: A, C, D, E
Inadequate pain control can decrease tidal volume and cough effort, leading to complications such as pneumonia with increases in temperature. Poor pain control may lead to confusion through a variety of mechanism, including hypoventilation and poor sleep quality. Stressors such as pain cause increased release of corticosteroids that can result in hyperglycemia.
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What is the primary problem seen in Healthy People 2020's emphasis on choosing healthy lifestyle behaviors, such as daily exercise or healthy food choices?
a. Emphasis on other lifestyle choices, such as not smoking and minimal use of alcohol or drugs, is also needed. b. All of us must work together to make unhealthy behaviors socially unacceptable. c. It costs more to make healthy choices, such as buying and eating fresh fruits and vegetables as opposed to quick and cheap fast-food choices. d. Public policy emphasizes personal responsibility but ignores social and environmental changes needed for well-being.
The nurse is preparing to give an injection in the ventrogluteal injection site. Which pair of anatomical landmarks does the nurse use for this site?
a. Greater trochanter and knee b. Acromion process and axilla c. Anterior superior iliac spine and iliac crest d. Posterior superior iliac spine and iliac crest
When do subcultures develop?
a. Life in the country of origin becomes too difficult. b. People marry people from other cultures. c. Members of the group do not accept all the values of their dominant culture. d. Cultural expressions become primarily conscious.
NICHD guidelines apply only to
A. Intrapartum patients B. Internal monitoring of fetal heart rate C. Interpreting tracings of good quality