An individual is subjected to chronic uncontrollable stress. What will be the effect on the client's neuroendocrine function?
1. Hypoactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and release of substance P
2. Hypoactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and release of dopamine
3. Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and release of dopamine
4. Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and release of substance P
4
Rationale: Substance P is neuropeptide thought to be released during physiologic and environmental stress. Substance P is thought to contribute to changes in the central nervous system that predispose individuals to anxiety and depression.
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An older female adult client is diagnosed with a chronic illness. Which principle should the nurse apply when answering her questions?
a. The most prevalent form of disease in the United States is acute illness. b. Usually, chronic disease has a negligible impact on the family. c. Chronic illness is unending, and coping can be influenced by the perception of uncertainty. d. Older adults cope successfully with chronic disease by learning about the disease.
The patient experiences extensive third-degree burns. What type of healing does the nurse expect? Healing by:
a. Primary intention b. Second intention c. Tertiary intention d. Primary intention if no infection occurs
Following a discussion with a patient about treatment options given by the primary care physician, a nurse assures the patient that the physician will support whatever decision is made. This nurse is acting as the patient's
1. Ethics board 2. Value system 3. Advocate 4. Conscience
Check the skin under a heat or cold application every
A. 2 minutes B. 10 minutes C. hour D. 2 hours