Briefly describe the effect of toddler hood attachment quality on later development, and describe any criticisms for claims of the predictive value of early attachment
Please provide the best answer for the best statement.
1. Bowlby suggested that the attachment relationship between the infant and the primary caregiver established in the first 2 years of life shaped expectations and interactions in relationships with others throughout one’s life, such as teachers, friends, romantic partners, and one’s own future children. Because securely attached children could love and trust their primary caregiver, they in turn could offer love and could trust others. However, insecurely attached children tend to react with hostility, indifference, and emotional dependence on others in later relationships.
2. Current research is mixed as to the predictive value of early attachment quality on later development. Recent meta-analyses of 127 longitudinal studies conclude that the predictive power of toddler attachment quality weakened with time and mostly faded by late adolescence and emerging adulthood. Contemporary researchers hold that attachment quality in infancy and toddler hood establishes tendencies and expectations that may be modified by later experiences in childhood, adolescence, and beyond.
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A. cephalocaudal principle B. proximodistal principle C. principle of the independence of systems D. principle of hierarchical integration
In the classic Milgram (1963) study on obedience to an authority figure the real participant was:
a. always the learner b. always the teacher c. the one who received shocks d. either the teacher or the learner e. a confederate informed about the research and who then administered the shocks