Describe the Schachter-Singer experiment and how that supports the cognitive appraisal theory of emotion
What will be an ideal response?
Schachter and Singer first injected their subjects with a hormone, epinephrine (adrenaline), which caused physiological arousal, such as increased heart rate and blood pressure. However, subjects were told that the injections were vitamins and were not told that they would experience physiological arousal. After the injections, subjects were placed in different situations, a happy one or an angry one. Those subjects in the happy situation often reported feeling happy, and their observable behaviors were smiles. However, those in the angry situation often reported feeling angry, and their observable behaviors were angry facial expressions.
Schachter and Singer explained that subjects did not know that their physiological arousal was caused by hormone injections, and they looked around for other causes in their environment. Subjects interpreted environmental cues, such as being in a happy or angry situation, as the cause of their arousal and thus reported feeling happy or angry. The Schachter-Singer cognitive theory was the first to show that cognitive factors, such as your interpretation of events, could influence emotional feelings.
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Which of the following statements about women and psychology in North America is true?
a. Approximately 50% of the current full-time US psychology faculty are male. b. Most of the research in psychology now focuses on women, rather than men. c. Although the majority of people receiving BA degrees in psychology are women, the majority of students in psychology PhD programs are men. d. the majority of students in psychology PhD programs are women.
Research using bicultural participants, such as China-born students attending college in the U.S., indicates that a. attributional style is dictated by the culture in which one is born and does not vary much due to culturalinfluences later in life
b. at some point such individuals completely abandon the attributional tendencies of their nation of origin andreplace them with the tendencies of their new country of residence c. people can simultaneously hold differing cultural worldviews, either of which can influence attributionaltendencies depending on the situation. d. attributional style is dictated by the culture in which one lives, unless that person is spending time with familymembers from their culture of origin.
Advertisers and marketers use the term ____ to refer to a condition of inattention and irritation that occurs after an audience has encountered a specific ad many times
a. advertising overload b. advertising wear-out c. sensory overload d. oversalience effect
A key component in chronic loneliness is
a. adjusting to a disruption in one's social network. b. early negative social behavior that leads to rejection by peers. c. lack of social groups. d. missing an absent intimate attachment figure.