Cleft lip or palate is a commonly occurring congenital midline fissure, or opening, in the lip or palate resulting from failure of the primary palate to fuse
Multiple genetic and, to a lesser extent, environmental factors may lead to the development of a cleft lip or palate. Such fac-tors include which of the following? (Choose all that apply.) 1. Alcohol consumption
2. Female gender
3. Use of some antiepileptics
4. Maternal cigarette smoking
5. Antibiotic use in pregnancy
1, 3, 4.
1, 3, 4. Correct. Factors that are associated with the potential development of cleft lip or palate are maternal infections, radiation exposure, corticosteroids, anticonvulsants, male gender, Native American or Asian descent, and smoking during pregnancy.
2. Incorrect. Cleft lip is more common in male infants.
5. Incorrect. Antibiotic use in pregnancy is not associated with the development of cleft lip or palate.
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