The nurse is caring for a patient who has hypovolemic shock and oliguria due to hemorrhage. The nurse recognizes that which of the following is the most likely cause of the patient's oliguria?
a. Inadequate oral fluid intake
b. Secretion of aldosterone
c. End-stage renal failure
d. Obstructed urinary catheter
ANS: B
Stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system from decreased cardiac output causes vasoconstriction and retention of sodium and water to decrease further fluid loss, resulting in oliguria.
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Which of the following is least effective in encouraging a client to follow a medication regimen?
A) Provide information on the medications prescribed B) Instruct the family members on treatment regimen C) Discuss perspective from the nurse's personal experience D) State potential consequences if medication regimen in not followed
Why is serving on a research committee or institutional review board useful for the person interested in gaining research funding? (Select all that apply.)
a. People who serve on research committees are given priority funding approval. b. Seeing the mistakes others make creates an awareness of common errors. c. Contacts with researchers can be made. d. When one's own proposals are reviewed, the committee will feel more inclined to approve them. e. Reading a clear, organized proposal provides a template.
To manage her diabetes appropriately and ensure a good fetal outcome, the pregnant woman with diabetes will need to alter her diet by:
a. Eating six small equal meals per day. b. Reducing carbohydrates in her diet. c. Eating her meals and snacks on a fixed schedule. d. Increasing her consumption of protein.
The nurse responds to a ventilator pressure alarm by going to the patient's room. What should be the nurse's first action?
1. Turn off the ventilator alarm to help calm the patient. 2. Administer intravenous sedation according to prn prescription. 3. Assess for the cause of the alarm. 4. Manually bag the patient until the cause of the alarm is detected.