The "means" side of the endmeans balance:
a. is committed towards fairness in dealing with defendants.
b. is devoted to giving government officials as much power possible.
c. is concerned that too many defendants go free on technicalities.
d. fosters the result side of the criminal justice process.
a
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Ronald Kramer and Raymond J. Michalowski's integrated theoretical model of state-corporate crime calls for attention to three basic levels of analysis: institutional environment, organizational, and individual
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Which of the following best describes the Fourth Amendment status of a driver and a passenger of an automobile during a traffic stop?
A. Both driver and passenger are seized. B. The driver is seized, but the passenger is not. C. Neither is seized unless the law enforcement officer expressly tells them so. D. The driver is automatically seized, and the passenger is seized only if there is probable cause to believe the passenger is involved in the crime.
CASE 12.2 Guilty pleas are the bread and butter of the American criminal courts. Between 85 and 95 percent of all state and federal felony convictions are obtained by a defendant entering a negotiated plea of guilt (Covey, 2008; Hashimoto, 2008; United States Sentencing Commission, 2015). Plea bargaining can best be defined as the process through which a defendant pleads guilty to a criminal charge with the expectation of receiving some consideration from the state. What are the three most common types of plea bargains?
A. charge bargaining, count bargaining, and sentence bargaining B. charge bargaining, limit bargaining, and sentence bargaining C. limit bargaining, count bargaining, and sentence bargaining D. charge bargaining, count bargaining, and limit bargaining
Money or other compensation is awarded to a plaintiff in a civil action when the person sued has:
a. ministerial liability. b. personal liability. c. civil liability. d. strict liability.