Read the following passage and answer the accompanying questions. Rupture of the cruciate ligament is a common injury to the stifle joint of dogs. The cranial cruciate ligament is more commonly ruptured than the caudal ligament. Rupture of either cruciate ligament may be accompanied by rupture of the medial collateral ligament and damage to the medial meniscus. Acute lameness is the most common
sign of a cruciate ligament rupture, which will decrease in severity over time. Chronic lameness and osteoarthritis may result if the stifle joint is not stabilized via surgery. The primary sign of a cruciate ligament rupture is:
A) a tear in the caudal cruciate ligament
B) a tear in the cranial cruciate ligament
C) acute lameness
D) anorexia
C
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A cell has engulfed a substance from the extracellular material and has migrated to a lymph node to interact with a helper T cell. Which of the following statements best describes this cell?
A. This is a cytotoxic T cell that interacts with the helper T cell through an MHC class II molecule. B. This is a cytotoxic T cell that interacts with the helper T cell through an MHC class I molecule. C. This is an antigen-presenting cell that interacts with the helper T cell through an MHC class I molecule. D. This is an antigen-presenting cell that interacts with the helper T cell through an MHC class II molecule.
In a(n) ________ reflex, a sensory neuron synapses directly on a motor neuron
A) monosynaptic B) ipsilateral C) commensual D) contralateral E) polysynaptic
In ruminants, vibriosis is associated with which of the following?
A) renal failure and septicemic disease B) infertility and irregular estrous cycles C) malignant edema and pulpy kidney D) acute stomatitis and diarrhea
What do the receptors for hearing, static equilibrium, and dynamic equilibrium all have in common?
A) The receptors do not adapt to continuous stimulation. B) All of the receptor cells have stereocilia. C) All of the receptors are nociceptors. D) These are all general sense receptors. E) These receptors send action potentials to the same area of the brain for processing.