Which of the following is a criticism of statistical hypothesis testing?
a. The probability of a Type I error cannot be precisely specified.
b. The probability of a Type II error cannot be precisely specified.
c. Null hypotheses are almost always true.
d. Humans are better intuitive judges of statistical significance than are statistical tests.
B
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Tina is afraid of dogs. She has never had a bad experience with dogs, but her father was injured by a dog when he was a young boy. Tina's father goes to great lengths to avoid contact with dogs. What behavioral theory best explains Tina's fear of dogs?
a. classical conditioning c. operant conditioning b. avoidance response d. observational learning
The conditions that a researcher wishes to prevent from affecting the outcome of the experiment are the __________variables
a. independent b. dependent c. extraneous d. control
The idea that the eye contains three kinds of photoreceptors differentially sensitive to red, green, and blue that are responsible for color vision was proposed by the German physiologist
a. Gustav Fechner. c. Ernest Heinrich Weber. b. Ewald Hering. d. Hermann von Helmholtz.
When composing an amicus brief, Saks (1993) suggested that psychologists should
A. assert opinions on the ultimate issue in the case. B. represent a consensual view of social scientists. C. focus on constitutional law. D. let others apply their research findings.