Which philosophical orientation contends that crime is suffering and the ending of crime is only possible with the ending of suffering?

a. Retributive criminology
b. Determinate criminology
c. Indeterminate criminology
d. Peacemaking criminology


d. Peacemaking criminology

Criminal Justice

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In a survey using a split-ballot design, which of the following is true?

A. Surveys are mailed out in two batches separated by at least one week. B. Different forms of a survey include some different questions and are administered to selected subjects. C. Respondents in an interview are given separate forms to be sealed in individual envelopes. D. Respondents are surveyed twice within a short interval to assess consistency.

Criminal Justice

The overrepresentation of African Americans in the criminal justice system has led to ________________ due to a loss of voting rights.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Criminal Justice

What sheet must be given to and reviewed with the client at the initial planning meeting?

A. function sheet B. banquet event order C. policy sheet D. banquet stencil sheet

Criminal Justice

Unless the patrol officer is able to make an immediate, on-scene arrest, 12 essential questions need direct answers to determine the solvability of the case. Based on the following facts, use the solvability factors identified in the text to answer the

solvability question in this case: A 32-year-old woman was physically assaulted by her live-in boyfriend. He used a lamp to strike the woman in the back of the head while she was attempting to escape his grasp during an argument. The man left the scene prior to police arriving. A) Because there are no other witnesses, this case is not easily solvable. It is a "he-said, she-said" situation. Refer the woman to the domestic abuse shelter for counseling and services and close the case. B) The man has left the scene and his current whereabouts are unknown. Because of this, the case is not easily solvable. Keep the case open but suspend active investigation duties. Refer the woman to the domestic abuse shelter for counseling and services. C) This case is highly solvable. Collect statements and evidence, obtain an arrest warrant, document the scene and refer the woman to the domestic abuse shelter for counseling and services. D) There is not enough information given in the scenario to determine the solvability of the case.

Criminal Justice