__________ was one of the first people to describe learning as acquired through classical conditioning while studying the digestive process of dogs
A) John Watson
B) Ivan Pavlov
C) B. F. Skinner
D) Albert Bandura
Answer: B
Rationale: Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist who studied digestion, using dogs as a model species. He accidently found that the dogs would learn to salivate to stimuli that were associated with food. Pavlov's discovery began a long tradition of inquiry into what is now called classical conditioning.
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Conception occurs when:
a. ova are released by the fallopian tubes b. the baby is born c. a sperm penetrates the ovum's membrane d. the embryo develops
According to Freud, some impulses and painful memories are so unacceptable that we unconsciously exclude them from awareness. He said that we __________ them
a. redirect c. suppress b. repress d. undo
Lorraine, who has a son and a daughter, remarries. Which of the following is most likely to occur?
A) Lorraine's daughter will have a harder time adjusting to the remarriage than her son. B) Lorraine's son will have a harder time adjusting to the remarriage than her daughter. C) Lorraine's son will have adjustment problems as long as he tries to maintain a relationship with his biological father. D) Both children will ask to go live with their father.
Suppose you are studying the relationship between IQ and being a first born child
If you looked at two different groups – children born to middle-class families in the suburbs of Chicago and children raised in a communal setting in South America – which of the following differences would you expect to find? a. The benefits of being first born would be greater in the suburban setting. b. The benefits of being first born would be greater in the communal setting. c. The disadvantages of being first born would be greater in the suburban setting. d. The disadvantages of being first born would be greater in the communal setting.