Diabetes in pregnancy puts the fetus at risk in several ways. Nurses should be aware that:
a. With good control of maternal glucose levels, sudden and unexplained stillbirth is no longer a major concern.
b. The most important cause of perinatal loss in diabetic pregnancy is congenital malformations.
c. Infants of mothers with diabetes have the same risks for respiratory distress syndrome because of the careful monitoring.
d. At birth the neonate of a diabetic mother is no longer in any risk.
ANS: B
Congenital malformations account for 30% to 50% of perinatal deaths. Even with good control, sudden and unexplained stillbirth remains a major concern. Infants of diabetic mothers are at increased risk for respiratory distress syndrome. The transition to extrauterine life often is marked by hypoglycemia and other metabolic abnormalities.
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