The task of discovering what factor or combination of factors causes differences in the rate that a pendulum oscillates requires
a. concrete reasoning c. deductive reasoning.
b. technical reasoning. d. inductive reasoning.
D
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Research has suggested that a factor contributing to the development of some anxiety reactions is that
a. operant conditioning and preparedness work against each other. b. people apparently learn to avoid certain stimuli if they observe other people showing a strong fear response to those stimuli. c. some people are more prepared than others for emotional events. d. people need to experience emotional events themselves for those events to affect their lives in future.
As described in your book, Sommers's (2006) study examining the influence of a jury's racial composition indicates that a. Caucasian and African-American jurors are often equally likely to vote to convict an African-Americandefendant
b. African-American jurors often successfully convince Caucasian jurors to change their votes duringdeliberations, particularly when they offer multiple arguments for doing so. c. Caucasian jurors often evaluate a trial differently when their jury is diverse versus all-Caucasian. d. diverse juries have a harder time coming to a unanimous decision than do all-Caucasian juries.
Defendant "A" is a serial killer. Defendant "B" is a mass murderer. Based on what we currently are able to predict, what will these two defendants have in common?
a. Both are psychotic. b. Both are remorseful about their actions. c. Both are likely to have a personality disorder. d. Both are filled with rage.
Studies on the belief-bias effect conclude that
a. in general, people select answers that are correct from a logical standpoint. b. the anchoring and adjustment heuristic often operates inappropriately. c. people typically have the biased belief that they ought to affirm the consequent. d. people often select answers that are "common sense" rather than logically correct.