When a beam of light that is traveling in air is reflected by a glass surface, there is
A) a 180° phase change in the reflected beam.
B) a 45° phase change in the reflected beam.
C) a 60° phase change in the reflected beam.
D) no phase change in the reflected beam.
E) a 90° phase change in the reflected beam.
A
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Do astronomers use ground-based X-ray telescopes?
A. No, because no astronomical objects emit X-rays. B. No, because X-rays cannot get through Earth's atmosphere. C. Yes, because they can penetrate gas clouds. D. No, because astronomers have not yet devised detectors for X-rays.
What is the upper limit of stars the unaided eye can discern on a moonless night in a rural area?
A) about 3000 B) about 30,000 C) about 300,000 D) about 3,000,000
Scientists suspect that Mars once had abundant liquid water on its surface. For this to have been true, early Mars must have had ________ than Mars today.
A) a much higher atmospheric pressure and much stronger greenhouse effect B) a larger mass and radius C) a smaller axis tilt and less elliptical orbit D) larger polar caps and more dust storms
The study of minerals is called
a. paleontology. b. geology. c. mineralogy. d. petrology.