You are an intensive care unit nurse caring for a client with a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy. You know that this type of encephalopathy is caused by what type of infectious agent?
A) Prion
B) Protozoa
C) Helminth
D) Rickettsia
A
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A prion is a protein that does not contain nucleic acid. Research suggests that normal prions present in brain cells protect against dementia. When a prion mutates, however, it is capable of becoming an infectious agent and altering other normal prion proteins into similar mutant copies. The mutant prions, which can be formed by genetic predisposition or acquired by transmission between the same or similar infected animal species, cause transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are not caused by protozoa, helminths, or rickettsias.
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