Why are the headscarves worn by Muslims so controversial in France and Turkey? What are some of the issues that have been raised by the controversy?

What will be an ideal response?


Students should note that France and Turkey both believe in a strict version of secularism in which religion is seen as a private matter to be kept out of the public sphere. A headscarf is a prominent public sign of religious identity. Although a majority of Turkey’s population is Muslim, in France, Muslims are a religious minority. In France, the debate revolved in part around why some religious symbols (such as crosses) were seemingly accepted when others (headscarves) were not. In Turkey, the debate has been particularly tense because the military has historically stepped in as a guarantor of secularism.

Political Science

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Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Political Science

Which of the following statements is true of the participation of women in American politics?

A. The first woman to be appointed to a cabinet post by Franklin D. Roosevelt was Nancy Pelosi. B. Women held more power in federal offices before the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified. C. Women have made greater political progress at the national level than at the state level. D. Most of the members who presently serve in the U.S. House of Representatives are women. E. In the 2016 elections, women continued to win a substantial number of seats in Congress.

Political Science

What does it mean for a social safety net program to be means-tested? If Medicare were transformed into a means-tested program what changes would we expect to see? How would this change affect the cost of the program?

What will be an ideal response?

Political Science

How are retrospective evaluations of the Supreme Court decisions involving the Japanese internment in Korematsu v. United States (1944) and segregated railroad facilities in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) similar?

a. Both decisions are widely viewed as upholding important constitutional principles. b. Both decisions are widely viewed as positive turning points in the history of American jurisprudence. c. Both decisions are widely viewed as a misuse of "strict scrutiny." d. Both decisions are widely viewed as important early victories in the struggle for civil rights. e. Both decisions are widely viewed as troubling missed opportunities for the Supreme Court to protect civil rights.

Political Science