Barry is making a decision concerning which job he will accept. He remembers how it was in similar jobs in the past and anticipates potential rewards and problems on each of these jobs. In choosing which job to take, Barry is using
a. operant conditioning.
b. vicarious classical conditioning.
c. cognitive learning.
d. instrumental learning.
C
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For a research study comparing attitude scores for males and females, participant gender is an example of what kind of variable?
a. An independent variable c. A quasi-independent variable b. A dependent variable d. A quasi-dependent variable
What was the negative consequence of the government's crackdown in the 1970s on amphetamines?
A. less research on developing antidotes for amphetamine overdose B. reduced funding of drug treatment programs C. increased use of amphetamines D. increased use of cocaine
A rat is placed in a cage and given electrical shocks over which it has no control. When placed in a shuttle box, the rat does not attempt to escape the shock due to a. social learning
b. learned helplessness. c. unconscious learning. d. one angry rat.
Rachel tends to be a perfectionist regarding her college work. She also has volunteered many times for campus projects. Toward the end of the semester, Rachel has several tests and term paper deadlines coming up, when club sponsors ask her to volunteer for several new projects. Rachel is feeling very stressed and guilty because she does not have time for these added projects. Which would be the
best course of action for Rachel? a. She should set a rigid schedule and finish the term papers as quickly as possible so her stress levels will drop, and she will be able to volunteer. b. She should do the volunteer projects in order not to feel guilty and destroy her relationships with these club sponsors, and then work on her term papers. c. She should try to set reasonable, less perfectionistic goals, and learn to say "no" to added demands and responsibilities that would cause her stress at this time. d. She should stop working on the term papers for a week and go home or on a short trip to get away and relax.